#552: Diet & Sleep Interactions – Marie-Pierre St. Onge, PhD

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Introduction

Over the past couple of decades, renowned researcher Dr. Marie-Pierre St-Onge has uncovered fascinating links between how we sleep and what we eat, revealing how these two lifestyle factors influence energy balance, cardiovascular health, and metabolic function.

In this episode we’ll explore Dr. St-Onge’s findings on sleep regularity and its association with reduced mortality risk, providing actionable insights for optimizing your lifestyle. With a focus on combining rigorous methodologies and controlled dietary interventions, her research sheds light on the complex mechanisms connecting sleep, diet, and metabolic health.

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Guest Information

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Her research primarily focuses on the interplay between lifestyle factors—particularly diet and sleep—and cardiometabolic health.

She has been conducting clinical studies that explore how sleep duration, sleep timing, meal timing, and eating patterns influence energy balance and cardiovascular risk factors.

Dr. St-Onge’s work has significantly contributed to understanding the bidirectional relationship between sleep and diet. Her studies have demonstrated that sleep can affect dietary choices and that diet may, in turn, influence sleep quality.

Her scholarly impact is reflected in her extensive list of publications and citations, with a Google Scholar h-index of 73, indicating substantial contributions to the fields of obesity, nutrition, and sleep research.

Marie-Pierre St-Onge, PhD
an Associate Professor of Nutritional Medicine at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, where she also serves as the Director of the Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research.

Danny Lennon has a master’s degree (MSc.) in Nutritional Sciences from University College Cork, and he is the founder of Sigma Nutrition.

Danny is currently a member of the Advisory Board of the Sports Nutrition Association, the global regulatory body responsible for the standardisation of best practice in the sports nutrition profession.

Danny Lennon
MSc. in Nutritional Sciences from University College Cork

Introduction to this Episode

Over the past couple of decades, renowned researcher Dr. Marie-Pierre St-Onge has uncovered fascinating links between how we sleep and what we eat, revealing how these two lifestyle factors influence energy balance, cardiovascular health, and metabolic function.

In this episode weʼll explore Dr. St-Ongeʼs findings on sleep regularity and its association with reduced mortality risk, providing actionable insights for optimizing your lifestyle. With a focus on combining rigorous methodologies and controlled dietary interventions, her research sheds light on the complex mechanisms connecting sleep, diet, and metabolic health.

Marie-Pierre St-Onge is an Associate Professor of Nutritional Medicine at Columbia

University Irving Medical Center, where she also serves as the Director of the Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research. Her research primarily focuses on the interplay between lifestyle factors—particularly diet and sleep—and cardiometabolic health.

She has been conducting clinical studies that explore how sleep duration, sleep timing, meal timing, and eating patterns influence energy balance and cardiovascular risk factors.

Dr. St-Ongeʼs work has significantly contributed to understanding the bidirectional relationship between sleep and diet. Her studies have demonstrated that sleep can affect dietary choices and that diet may, in turn, influence sleep quality.

Key Terms & Acronyms
  • Circadian Rhythms: Internal biological processes that follow a 24-hour cycle, regulating physiological functions such as sleep-wake patterns, hormonal secretion, and metabolic activity in alignment with environmental light-dark cycles.
  • Chronotype: Refers to an individualʼs natural preference for sleep and activity times, often categorized into “morning types” (early risers) and “evening types” (night owls). It reflects variations in circadian rhythm timing among individuals.
  • Micro-Arousals: Brief transitions from deeper stages of sleep to lighter ones, often without conscious awareness. These disruptions can decrease restorative sleep quality and contribute to feelings of fatigue.
  • Sleep Apnea: Sleep disorder characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, typically caused by airway obstruction or central nervous system issues. These events lead to frequent arousals and reduced sleep quality.
  • Tryptophan: Essential amino acid obtained from dietary sources, serving as a precursor for the synthesis of serotonin and melatonin, both of which are critical for regulating mood and promoting sleep.
  • Melatonin: Hormone produced by the pineal gland in response to darkness, acting as a signal for circadian rhythms. It promotes sleep onset and maintenance by preparing the body for rest and aligning physiological functions with the night cycle.
  • Time-Restricted Feeding/Eating (TRF/TRE): Limiting food intake to specific hours of the day, typically within an 8- to 12-hour window.
  • Daylight Saving Time (DST) Adaptation: Physiological and behavioral adjustments required when clocks are shifted forward or backward by one hour. This change disrupts circadian rhythms and may influence sleep patterns, metabolic health, and daily functioning.
  • Social Jet Lag: A mismatch between an individualʼs natural circadian rhythms and their social or work schedule, often resulting in irregular sleep patterns.

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